Risk Factor Distribution and complication Patterns in st-elevation Myocardial Infarction: a Prospective study

Background: ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. Understanding the clinical profile and complications of STEMI patients is crucial for improving management and outcomes.
Objective: To evaluate the clinical characteristics, risk factors, and complications among patients with STEMI.
Methods: This observational study included 120 patients admitted with STEMI. Clinical data including age, sex, and risk factors (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, smoking, family history of CAD) were recorded. Complications were assessed during hospitalization.
Results: Of 120 patients, 80 (66.7%) were male and 40 (33.3%) were female, with a mean age of 56.65 ± 12.5 years. The most prevalent risk factor was hypertension (60%), followed by diabetes mellitus (45%), smoking (40%), dyslipidemia (35%), and positive family history (15%). Common complications included heart failure (30%), arrhythmias (25%), cardiogenic shock (10%), and mechanical complications (5%).
Conclusion: STEMI predominantly affects middle-aged males and is strongly associated with modifiable risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, and smoking. Early recognition and aggressive management of complications can improve outcomes.
Keywords: ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction, Clinical Profile; Risk Factors, Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, Smoking, In-Hospital Complications, Heart Failure, Arrhythmias, Cardiogenic Shock, Mechanical Complications.