Exercises to Increase Vastus Medialis Oblique Activity: A Review

Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is one of the mostprevalent musculoskeletal conditions of the lower limb. The muscle imbalance between the vastus medialis oblique (VMO) and vastus lateral is (VL) muscles is  one of the main factorsleading to thedevelopment of PFPS. The aim of this study is to conclude the most  effective exercise to increase (VMO) activity. Fifteen papers reviewing exercises to activate VMO were  reviewed. Generally, the studies reported that closed kinetic exercises is the best type of exercise to strengthen the quadriceps. Looking at a more detailed view, it can seen that squad exercise with hip adduction to be the exercise that produced the most significant difference when it comes to VMO: VL ratio.  Accordingly, well designed studies evaluating large samples of patients with Patellofemoral joint disorders  are required, to rectify the present limitations in the evidence-base, and to thoroughly investigate this topic.

Keywords: Patellofemoral pain syndrome, vastus medialis oblique, vastus lateralis.