Impact of an Obesity Rehabilitation Program in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Introduction: The context discusses the global prevalence and consequences of overweight and obesity, which are classified based on body mass index (BMI). Obesity is attributed to a complex interplay of genetic, behavioral, and environmental factors, with urbanization and lifestyle changes contributing to its rise even in underdeveloped countries. It leads to severe health conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and certain cancers, increasing morbidity and mortality rates. Management includes strategies such as diet therapy, physical activity, pharmacotherapy, and surgery, often implemented within multidisciplinary rehabilitation frameworks.

Aim of the Study: This study aimed to assess the impact of a rehabilitation program on adult obese patients in Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional prospective study conducted within the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Shaheed Monsur Ali Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh, From January 2023 to December 2023. Participants aged 18-65, with a BMI over 30kg/m2 and recovering from low back pain or musculoskeletal disorders, underwent functional rehabilitation. Exclusions included those with certain medical conditions or pregnancy. Regular physical exams assess readiness for physical activity.

Result: The study analyzed 212 participants, predominantly males, with a mean age of 45.55 years. Most had completed either H.S.C or Graduate degrees, and various professional backgrounds were represented. Anthropometric and lipid characteristics showed a mean BMI of 35.65 kg/m² and FMI of 46.89±7.66. The six-minute walk test indicated a mean distance of 490.23±75.22 meters. Waist-related measurements varied within clinically significant bounds. Factors related to FMI outcomes, including obesity types, showed non-significant differences. Similar findings were observed for BMI outcomes, triglyceridemia, total cholesterolemia, and the six-minute walk test between the two groups.

Conclusion: Significant improvements in health indicators like BMI, FMI, waist circumference, and lipid levels were observed through physical therapy, dietary counselling, and behavioural interventions. Multidisciplinary collaboration and personalized interventions were crucial in addressing obesity-related complications, showcasing the program’s potential for enhancing healthcare outcomes.

Keywords: Obesity, rehabilitation, FMI and BMI.