A Systematic Review Study on Interventions to Reduce Nausea and Vomiting Caused by Chemotherapy

Introduction: The increasing importance of examining changes in the expression of genes in the development of various types of cancers and the emergence of new biotechnological methods has led to such molecular studies to be of particular importance in studies on the etiology of the disease in recent years. Given that cancer patients have multiple chemotherapy during their healing period and the chemotherapy itself causes a lot of harm to the patient and it affects the person's quality of life and that nausea and vomiting are one of the chronic complications of chemotherapy patients. Therefore, this systematic review was conducted with the aim of determining the interventions for reducing the nausea and vomiting induced by chemotherapy.

Materials and Methods: This systematic review was conducted based on the Broom Broome method. The purpose of this method was to achieve the purpose of the study and to enhance the study's thorough understanding and comprehension. The method is based on three steps in the search of texts, data evaluation and data analysis. In the search for texts, post-retrospective studies are examined in four stages in terms of inclusion criteria. And after obtaining the terms of entry into the study, the content of the study is evaluated, and at the end of the analysis of the data.

Results: In this study, we investigated the effects of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting on interventions. In one of these studies in the test group, the Negan point wrist massage was performed for 7 minutes twice a day, 12 hours in 24 hours, using ice mold in wet gut, caused a significant reduction in nausea and vomiting, as well as a reduction in the severity of nausea and vomiting. And also, the mean number of nausea in the treatment group was significantly decreased compared with the control group.

Conclusion: According to the studies, it can be said that the cardamom aromas therapeutic approach to inhaled essential oil is recommended to reduce the severity of chemotherapy-induced nausea in cancer patients, but consuming chamomile extract reduces chemo-induced nausea but is not effective in reducing vomiting. Also, studies have shown that muscle use reduces nausea in children with chemotherapy malignancy, but they do not affect their vomiting. It is also suggested that nurses use ear acupuncture techniques as a complementary method to relieve chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.

Keywords: Cancer patients, chemotherapy complications, cancer, nausea, vomiting.